E-Learning

Chain of Survival

Important Notice – Updated Chain of Survival Guidance (2025)

This video reflects the updated 2025 European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Guidelines, which place increased emphasis on the Chain of Survival. The Chain of Survival describes the sequence of actions that give a casualty the best chance of survival following cardiac arrest.

The Chain of Survival

  1. Early recognition and call for help
    Prompt recognition of collapse, unresponsiveness, or abnormal breathing, and immediate activation of emergency services (999/112).
  2. Early CPR and defibrillation
    Immediate CPR if the casualty is unresponsive and not breathing normally, and early use of an AED if available.
  3. Advanced life support and post-resuscitation care
    Advanced care provided by emergency services and hospital teams.
  4. Survival and recovery
    Ongoing treatment, rehabilitation, and recovery following the emergency.

This updated guidance should be followed in line with current European Resuscitation Council best practice.